Apache2 has notorious issues with over-clogging memory usage (topping 100% of memory usage).
In order to minimise memory usage, [[#APCu]] has been installed as a cache manager. In addition, Appache has been paired with:
- **[php-fpm](https://www.php.net/manual/en/install.fpm.php)** for php7.4, enabling faster interaction between apache and backend.
- the '**event**' multi-processing module ([MPM](https://tecadmin.net/apache-mpm-prefork-and-worker-and-event/)) enabling decluttering of processing between ports & Apache
All relevant dependencies have been installed and the set-up tested.
A comprehensive tutorial on the MPM switch can be found [here](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-configure-apache-http-with-mpm-event-and-php-fpm-on-ubuntu-18-04) or [here](https://askubuntu.com/questions/1319861/how-to-configure-apache-http-to-php-fpm-on-ubuntu-20-10).
**php.ini** files can be found at:
```
/etc/php/7.4/fpm/php.ini
/etc/php/7.4/apache2/php.ini
/etc/php/7.4/cli/php.ini
```
 
##### Certbot
Provides SSL certification from **Let's Encrypt**. Installation dependencies are different from Nginx and explained [here](https://linuxhint.com/secure-apache-lets-encrypt-ubuntu/)
 
##### MySQL
Nothing particular to note on MySQL apart from initial set-up and user management.
Configuration file is under:
`/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf`
```ad-tip
title: Optimise memory usage of mysql
In the conf file under the **_[mysqld]_** tag, add:
 
% Disable performance schema to hugely reduce RAM usage
performance_schema = OFF
```
In order to restart mysql, the command is:
`sudo service mysql restart`
 
##### Security
| Program name | Type | Description
|----------------|------|-------------
| **fail2ban** | Daemon | Blocks suspicious attempts to login
| **unattended-upgrades** | Program | Enables automatic updates of installed programs and OS
| **logwatch** | Daemon | Monitors activity on server and sends activity logs
 
##### Postfix
Mail Transfer Agent. Configuration is standard to allow for emails to be sent by programs / deamons / [[Nextcloud]] or others. Such a [[Postfix config|system]] is required for every server to work correctly.
 
##### APCu
Memory caching addon for Nextcloud. Memory caching management is provided by Nextcloud and needs to be set up as a system cron job. After installing APCu, the webserver needs to be **restarted** and the cron job defined:
[Monit](https://mmonit.com/monit/documentation/monit.html) is a process and daemon monitoring tool. More information on operating the software can be found [[Monit config|here]].
List of monitored services:
- System
- SSH
- Fail2ban
- cron
- Postfix
- MySQL
- Apache
 
---
 
#### Service management
Nextcloud offers two alternatives for manaing the service:
1. An admin webpanel
2. A command line tool
 
##### Admin webpanel
Accessed through login into the service with admin credentials. Sertings offer an admin section.
 
##### Nextcloud command line tool
From the server's command line, Nextcloud offers the ability to perform some tasks like user management.
 
###### Introduction to the command
[[Nextcloud]] offers a command-line tool which permission needs to be set to "executable". It is located here:
`/var/www/html/nextcloud/occ`
The tool needs to be invoked by the "www-data" user and compiled with PHP:
[[Nextcloud]] offers a simple description of all commands [here](https://docs.nextcloud.com/server/22/admin_manual/configuration_server/occ_command.html)
 
---
 
#### Data transfer
After each data transfer, run the following command to refresh [[Nextcloud]]'s webapp:
